1. What happens when liquid fuels evaporate?
a) It increases its calorific value
b) It reduces the impurities present in it
c) It increase the ash content present in it
d) It makes losses and leakages in the container
Explanation: The containers in which the liquid fuels are stored are made of special material due the possibility of losses due to evaporation and leakage in the containers. The liquid fuels cannot be stored in containers for long time
2. Which kind of liquid fuels are risky to store?
a) Flammable and volatile
b) Inflammable and volatile
c) Flammable and non-volatile
d) Inflammable and non-volatile
Explanation: I the temperature of the surrounding increases to a high value, then the inflammable liquid fuels will burn quickly. And the presence of volatile matter will cause the liquid fuels to burn with long flames.
3. Which kind of burners are used for efficient combustion of liquid fuels?
a) Wesman burner
b) Dual-fuel burner
c) Oil burners
d) Pressure jet burner
Explanation: Wesman burner is used of high efficiency combustion of both liquid and gaseous fuel. Special types of sprayers are also used efficient combustion of liquid fuels.
4. Which region of the world contains the highest reserves of petroleum?
a) Western hemisphere
b) Middle East
c) Eastern hemisphere
d) North Pole
Explanation: 60% of the world reserves of petroleum are in the Middle East which includes parts of Saudi Arabia, Syria etc. 15 % of the reserves are present in the western hemisphere which are mainly contributed by the USA.
5. Petroleum is found in _____________
a) Core of earth
b) In Seas
c) In air
d) Crust of the earth
Explanation: Petroleum is a dark viscous liquid that is formed by the decomposition of dead animals in the earth’s crust for a long period of time. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with small quantities of oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur
6. According to the inorganic theory in which form does the petroleum is found under the earth’s crust?
a) Metal fluorites
b) Metal pyrites
c) Metal carbides
d) Metal oxides
Explanation: According to the inorganic theory for origin of petroleum, the metal carbides are formed under the earth’s crust due to the interaction of metals and carbon under high temperature and pressure. These carbides reacts with steam or water giving lower hydrocarbons which on further hydrogenation and polymerisation gives complex mixtures
7. Which of the following point does the inorganic theory of the origin of petroleum fails to explain?
a) Presence of sulphur and nitrogen in the petroleum
b) Presence of uranium carbide in the petroleum
c) Presence of paraffinic molecules in the petroleum
d) Presence of olefinic molecule in the petroleum
Explanation: The theory given by Moison explains the presence of uranium carbide. Apart from S and N, presence of chlorophyll, haemen, prophyrin, and optically active compounds was not explained.
8. According to the organic theory, from which kind of compound does the petroleum is formed?
a) Plant debris
b) Animal and vegetable debris
c) From the decomposers
d) From sunlight
Explanation: According to the organic theory, petroleum is generated from the animal and vegetable debris accumulated in sea basins and buried by sand and slit. The debris is further decomposed by anaerobic bacteria under reducing conditions.
9. What is the role of high temperature and pressure in the making of petroleum (organic theory)?
a) For smooth flowing of petroleum
b) For generating good quality of petroleum
c) For decreasing the time required for its production
d) For providing a suitable condition for decomposers
Explanation: By providing high temperature and pressure, it creates a suitable condition for anaerobic respiration which further removes most of the oxygen present in them. It helps the anaerobic bacteria to decompose animal debris.
10. What type of compounds does the paraffin base oil contains?
a) Paraffin, olefin and aromatic compound
b) Paraffin, nitrogen and sulphur
c) Paraffin, naphthenes and aromatic compound
d) Paraffin, sulphur and aromatic compound
Explanation: Saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons are formed from methane to solid waxes. On distillation of this oil, it leaves a residue of solid paraffin wax. Small amounts of naphthenes and aromatic compounds are generated.