1. The information in the hologram exists in ________
a) Colored Image form
b) Black and white image form
c) 3-D image form
d) Coded form
Explanation: All the information in a processed photographic plate, called hologram, exists in coded form. Information about the phase and the amplitude of the object wave is stored.
2. Holography is based on the principle of _________
a) Interference
b) Diffraction
c) Interferometer
d) Polarization
Explanation: The principle of interference is used in Holography. The interference pattern between two or more beams of coherent light or laser is captured by a hologram. The hologram captures light as it interests the whole area of the film.
3. When viewing a hologram print, the image changes as you move around.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: As we know, a hologram contains light from the whole original scene. It records the scene through an area of perspective. Thus, as you move around, the image changes according to your position as well.
4. The principle of generation of the wavefront from an object from a hologram can be used for _________
a) Data Storage
b) Transient Microscopy
c) Interferometry
d) Pattern recognition
Explanation: Holography can be used to identify fingerprints, postal addresses, etc. The wavefront from an object is generated from a hologram. The process is reversible and reference wave can be generated by object wave, which is the basis of character recognition.
5. The holograms found on credit-cards are an example of ________
a) Volume Holograms
b) Rainbow Holograms
c) Reflection Hologram
d) Hybrid hologram
Explanation: Rainbow Hologram begins with a standard transmission hologram. These types of holograms are found on credit cards. They are designed to be viewed under white light illumination.
6. A window which can transmit all the incident light without any reflection is called ___________
a) Polarized Window
b) Malus Window
c) Brewster Window
d) Non-reflecting window
Explanation: Brewster’s window is the practical use of Brewster law. When light is incident on a clean glass plate, most of the incident light (>> 92%) is transmitted while a small fraction is reflected.
7. What should be the phase difference between the two plane-polarized waves, vibrating at right angles to each other, to produce circularly polarized light?
a) π/6
b) π/2
c) π/4
d) π/3
Explanation: The circularly polarized light is produced when the phase difference between the two rays is π/2 and the angle of incidence is π/4. In that case, the equation of the polarized light turns out to be x2 + y2 = a2, which is the equation of the circle.
8. Sound waves can be polarized.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Longitudinal waves cannot be polarized as their direction is the same as its vibration. Thus, it’s intensity will not change as it passes through a rotating analyzer.
9. Which of the following is a uniaxial crystal?
a) Borax
b) Mica
c) Quartz
d) Selenite
Explanation: Uniaxial crystals are those in which there is only one optic axis. Calcite, quartz, ice are a few examples. Borax, mica, and selenite are biaxial crystals which have two optic axes.
10. If the phase difference between two rays is π/2 and the angle of incidence is not equal to π/4, the emergent light is __________
a) Linearly Polarized
b) Elliptically Polarized
c) Circularly Polarized
d) Non-Polarized
Explanation: In this case, the equation of the emergent light becomes the equation of an ellipse, which is \(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}\) =1. Thus, the emergent light is elliptically polarized and the plane of the ellipse is normal to the direction of propagation.