1. Which of the following factors affect transmission rate in DSL?
a) The gauge of the twisted-pair line
b) Degree of electrical interfernece
c) Shadow fading
d) The gauge of the twisted-pair line and degree of electrical interference
Explanation: Because DSL is made of twisted wire copper pair, the gauge of twisted pair line i.e. the protection and electrical interference would affect the transmission rate in DSL. Unlike DSL, FTTP is not really affected by these factors.
2. How many layers are present in the Internet protocol stack (TCP/IP model)?
a) 5
b) 7
c) 6
d) 10
Explanation: There are five layers in the Internet Protocol stack. The five layers in Internet Protocol stack is Application, Transport, Network, Data link and Physical layer. The internet protocol stack model is also called the TCP/IP model and it’s used in modern Internet Communication.
3. The number of layers in ISO OSI reference model is __________
a) 5
b) 7
c) 6
d) 10
Explanation: The seven layers in ISO OSI reference model is Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link and Physical layer. OSI stands for Open System Interconnect and it is a generalized model.
4. Which of the following layers is an addition to OSI model when compared with TCP IP model?
a) Application layer
b) Presentation layer
c) Session layer
d) Session and Presentation layer
Explanation: The only difference between OSI model and TCP/IP model is that the functions of Presentation and Session layer in the OSI model are handled by the transport layer itself in TCP/IP. OSI is a generalized model and TCP/IP is an application specific model.
5. Application layer is implemented in ____________
a) End system
b) NIC
c) Ethernet
d) Packet transport
Explanation: Not only application layer, but presentation layer, session layer and transport layer are also implemented in the end system. The layers below are implemented outside the end system, for example, the network layer is implemented on the routers and the physical layer is implemented for the medium.
6. Transport layer is implemented in ______________
a) End system
b) NIC
c) Ethernet
d) Signal transmission
Explanation: Application, Presentation, Session and Transport layer are implemented in the end system. The transport layer handles the process to process delivery of the packet through ports.
7. The functionalities of the presentation layer include ____________
a) Data compression
b) Data encryption
c) Data description
d) All of the mentioned
Explanation: Some functions of the presentation layer include character-code translation, data conversion, data encryption and decryption, and data translation. It connects the application layer with the layers below converting the human readable text and media to machine readable format and vice-versa.
8. Delimiting and synchronization of data exchange is provided by __________
a) Application layer
b) Session layer
c) Transport layer
d) Link layer
Explanation: The session layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes. The session layer 5 is responsible for establishing managing synchronizing and terminating sessions. In TCP/IP protocol stack, the functions of the session layer are handled by the transport layer itself and thus the session layer is missing from the TCP/IP model.
9. In OSI model, when data is sent from device A to device B, the 5th layer to receive data at B is _________
a) Application layer
b) Transport layer
c) Link layer
d) Session layer
Explanation: In OSI reference model, the fifth layer is Session layer. Session layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes. In TCP/IP protocol stack, the functions of the session layer are handled by the transport layer itself and thus the session layer is missing from the TCP/IP model.
10. In TCP IP Model, when data is sent from device A to device B, the 5th layer to receive data at B is ____________
a) Application layer
b) Transport layer
c) Link layer
d) Session layer
Explanation: In TCP/IP model, the fifth layer is application layer. When data is sent from device A to device B, the 5th layer to receive data at B is application layer. Application layer provides the interface between applications and the network. The user interacts with only this layer.
Why Computer Network ?
The Building Blocks: What's a Reference Model Anyway?
Think of a reference model as the IKEA manual for your network furniture. It's the step-by-step guide, making sure everything fits snugly, from your cozy laptop corner to the sprawling internet sofa.
Meet the MVPs: OSI vs. TCP/IP
In the realm of reference models, two titans stand tall: OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) and TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). It's like choosing between pizza and burgers – both delicious, but with unique flavors.
The OSI Odyssey: A Seven-Layer Extravaganza
Picture the OSI model as a seven-layer cake – not for indulging your sweet tooth but for organizing how your devices communicate. It's like a network hierarchy, each layer with a specific role, working harmoniously like a symphony.
TCP/IP Tango: A Four-Step Dance
Enter TCP/IP, the four-layer dance partner. Unlike OSI's seven-layer soirée, TCP/IP keeps it concise, ensuring a smooth networking waltz.
In a Nutshell
Reference models are the unsung maestros orchestrating the harmony of computer networks. Whether you're in the OSI orchestra or the TCP/IP tango, these models ensure the digital dance is always on point. Happy networking!